Earth's Climate System: Atmosphere, Energy Balance, and Greenhouse Effect

These links address the basic physical processes of Earth's atmosphere.

Earth's Greenhouse Effect: (RealClimate; slightly technical but thorough)

Structure of Earth's Atmosphere: Similar stuff at many other sites, and in textbooks.

Earth's Energy Balance (Encyclopedia of Earth): Somewhat technical, but excellent.

Global Climate Animations (Univ of Oregon): Global Energy Balance, and other cool stuff.

NASA fact sheet on Clouds and Radiation

CO2 and radiative forcings (RealClimate; slightly technical but nicely done)

Greenhouse effect (UCAR)

Greenhouse effect (UCSD's EarthGuide)